Wastewater serves as a mirror of society, offering valuable insights into a wide range of parameters. Molecular biology leverages this potential by regular analysis of wastewater samples to monitor the infection dynamics of various pathogens. In Vienna, respiratory viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and RSV have been an integral part of wastewater monitoring for several seasons. Beyond viruses, antibiotic resistance genes of bacteria are of particular interest, as their spread is associated with a major public health threat. In this presentation, the above-mentioned possibilities of molecular biological wastewater monitoring, which are carried out at TU Wien, will be highlighted, and it will be discussed how quantitative analysis of different targets using dPCR can support public health efforts by providing precise and reliable data for infection surveillance and antimicrobial resistance tracking.