Researchers at Harvard’s School of Public Health have discovered a significant connection between omega-3 fatty acids and extended survival rates in individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), shedding light on the crucial role of omega-3 in our nervous system and opening new possibilities for managing ALS symptoms.
Remarkably, one in every three fatty acids in our nervous system is a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), constituting approximately 20% of the brain’s dry weight. Omega-3, one of the two major groups of PUFAs alongside omega-6, is the primary focus of this research.
The study, published in the journal Neurology, specifically examines three subtypes of omega-3: alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Due to our limited enzymatic capability, it is necessary to obtain these PUFAs from our diets.
In a comprehensive analysis of blood samples from 449 participants in the EMPOWER clinical trial for ALS, researchers discovered that individuals with higher levels of EPA were less likely to succumb to the disease during the follow-up period.
Modern humans consume only a meager 100-200 mg of EPA per day, in stark contrast to the substantial intake of 660-14,250 mg/day witnessed a century ago. This drastic reduction in omega-3 consumption may have implications for our overall well-being, including the risk of developing ALS.
This could be due to how omega-3s support cellular functioning. Omega-3 fatty acids play a pivotal role in supporting neuronal membrane functioning, contributing to the proper operation of protein channels, neurotransmitter binding, and signaling. These fatty acids exhibit anti-inflammatory properties that could potentially reduce the risk of ALS and slow down the progression of symptoms.
Naturally, omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are present in various sources such as flaxseed, linseed, canola, soy, and perilla oils, as well as salmon, trout, and tuna. Incorporating these foods into our diet ensures a healthy intake of these essential fatty acids.
As our understanding of healthy diets broadens, the link between these essential components and neurodegenerative diseases like ALS becomes clearer. Recognizing the impact of omega-3 on our nervous system provides valuable insights into disease management and potential therapeutic interventions.