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Gene mutations
Gene mutations describe a change in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene. There are many kinds of gene mutations which have been characterized by scientists. The main categories of mutations are germline mutations, which occur in the gametes (haploid male or female reproductive cells), and somatic mutations, occur in all other cell types. Chromosomal alterations are mutations that change the structure of chromosomes in a variety of ways such as deletion, duplication, insertion, translocation, or inversion of a section of the chromosome. Point mutations include a single nucleotide change within the DNA and these mutations can be classified as silent (the mutation codes for the same amino acid so the change has no effect), missense (the mutation codes for an alternative amino acid), and nonsense (the mutation codes for a premature stop codon). Frameshift mutations occur when the addition or deletion of nucleotide(s) alter the reading frame of the sequence altering all subsequent amino acid coding.
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Small changes in the sequence of genes can have a variety of biological impacts. Mutations that alter only one base pair ...Written By: Carmen Leitch
MAR 29, 2022
Drug Discovery & Development
A ketogenic diet- or a ‘keto’ diet- which is high in fat and low in protein and carbohydrates, may help kill
...
Written By:
Annie Lennon
MAR 16, 2022
Neuroscience
Eight hours of sleep is typicallly recommended for most people, though research has suggested that many people aren't ge
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
MAR 10, 2022
Genetics & Genomics
In a first, researchers have found a gene in an animal that helps regulate genetics, but originally came from a bacteriu
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
MAR 10, 2022
Drug Discovery & Development
A modified version of an FDA-approved drug can halt tumor growth driven by mutations in the RAS gene, which are notoriou
...
Written By:
Annie Lennon
FEB 24, 2022
Genetics & Genomics
When we think of evolutionary changes, we tend to consider long stretches of time. But can evolution happen rapidly? The
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
FEB 21, 2022
Cell & Molecular Biology
Two people have been cured of HIV, and now, a US woman joins them. In this third case, stem cell transplants were being
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
FEB 21, 2022
Genetics & Genomics
Tay-Sachs disease is a devastating diagnosis; patients tend to die by the age of five. It's been traced back to a mutati
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
FEB 19, 2022
Health & Medicine
Sudden unexplained death in childhood (SUDC), similar to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), occurs when children betwe
...
Written By:
Alexandria Bass
FEB 16, 2022
Genetics & Genomics
The human genome contains mostly the same genes from one person to another, but there are tiny sequence differences in t
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
FEB 14, 2022
Cell & Molecular Biology
The mitochondrion is a crucial organelle, and this little cellular powerhouse is unique in many ways. Thought to have or
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
FEB 10, 2022
Cell & Molecular Biology
Genetically-engineered microorganisms could be useful for many things, if they can be controlled easily. Researchers hav
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
FEB 08, 2022
Drug Discovery & Development
Irregular heartbeats, or arrhythmias, are a common medical condition in the United States and occur when electrical
...
Written By:
J. Bryce Ortiz
FEB 03, 2022
Neuroscience
Researchers have been trying to determine what causes autism spectrum disorder for many years. Those efforts have reveal
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
FEB 02, 2022
Genetics & Genomics
There is little doubt that since it was created, the CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing system has been revolutionary in the resea
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
JAN 31, 2022
Genetics & Genomics
It's been thought that small dogs were bred that way to fill a demand for man's tiny best friend. But it seems that thei
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
JAN 31, 2022
Cancer
A genetic variant is a permanent change in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene. While genetic variants often res
...
Written By:
Katie Kokolus
JAN 28, 2022
Genetics & Genomics
For many years, a genetic mutation was usually linked to a serious disease. Researchers were able to connect errors in s
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
JAN 24, 2022
Health & Medicine
Scientists may have finally figured out a genetic cause of male infertility. Researchers at Newcastle University in the
...
Written By:
Hannah Daniel
JAN 19, 2022
Genetics & Genomics
The CRISPR gene editing tool is often used with an enzyme called Cas9, which targets and cuts genomic DNA. While this te
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
JAN 14, 2022
Genetics & Genomics
Whether they're damaged by injury or disease, or simply conducting the daily maintenance required for life, organisms ha
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
JAN 13, 2022
Immunology
Antibodies are a core part of the immune system's pathogen-fighting arsenal, defending the body against bacte
...
Written By:
Tara Fernandes
JAN 05, 2022
Clinical & Molecular DX
The SARS-CoV-2 virus that emerged in December 2019 causes the disease COVID-19, a pandemic that has killed over 5 millio
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
DEC 31, 2021
Genetics & Genomics
Our bodies have some healing and regenerative capabilities. For most of us, cuts will mend, we'll recover from mild infe
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
DEC 23, 2021
Cardiology
Small changes in the sequence of genes can have a variety of biological impacts. Mutations that alter only one base pair
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch