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Molecular subtyping of breast cancers
Breast cancers can be identified by specific molecular subtypes based on gene expression within the cancer cells. The most common genes investigated for molecular subtyping of breast cancer are the estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR), which are together classified as hormone receptor (HR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2), a protein that helps breast cancers grow. There are four major subtypes HR+/Her2- , HR-/HER2- (also known as triple negative breast cancer), HR+/HER2+, and HR-/HER2+.
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JAN 25, 2024
Immunology
Chemotherapy has long been the gold standard for cancer treatment since its inception in the 1950s. Chemotherapy is a tr
...
Written By:
Brian G. Morreale
DEC 07, 2023
Immunology
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers diagnosed in women. According to the American Cancer Society, it is
...
Written By:
Brian G. Morreale
SEP 07, 2023
Cancer
Obesity, characterized as an abnormally high, unhealthy amount of body fat, has become a common disease throughout the U
...
Written By:
Katie Kokolus
JUN 12, 2023
Cancer
In general, many of us think of cancers as age-related diseases. While cancer and aging are highly interconnected,
...
Written By:
Katie Kokolus
MAY 24, 2023
Immunology
Throughout the world, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer type among women and is the leading cause of
...
Written By:
Brian G. Morreale
OCT 25, 2022
Cancer
Central nervous system metastasis (mCNS) accounts for most brain and spinal cord tumors. While recent advances hav
...
Written By:
Katie Kokolus
OCT 20, 2022
Cancer
The gut microbiome describes the microorganisms and viruses that live throughout the digestive system. The gut mic
...
Written By:
Katie Kokolus
OCT 13, 2022
Cancer
The cancer microbiome, the collection of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, that live in or around
...
Written By:
Katie Kokolus
AUG 08, 2022
Cancer
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a well-established risk factor associated with some types of cancer, including liver, pancreas,
...
Written By:
Katie Kokolus
FEB 11, 2022
Cannabis Sciences
According to a recent study published in Oncotarget, cannabis extracts may harbor the potential to eventually be tailore
...
Written By:
Nadine Husami
FEB 11, 2022
Cancer
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women in the United States, and experts estimate that close to 3
...
Written By:
Katie Kokolus
OCT 04, 2021
Cancer
Reports indicate that caffeine consumption in the United States is greatest in adults aged 50 – 64. Coincide
...
Written By:
Katie Kokolus
JAN 18, 2021
Cancer
Breast cancer is one of the most well-studied cancers in modern medicine. Diagnostics can already differentiate between
...
Written By:
Jasper Cantrell
AUG 03, 2020
Cancer
Diagnostics is one of the essential tools in a physician’s toolkit. A good diagnostic test can identify whether a
...
Written By:
Jasper Cantrell
JUL 06, 2020
Cancer
Breast cancer is the most lethal cancer affecting women worldwide. While most are caught early thanks to the many diagno
...
Written By:
Jasper Cantrell
JUL 03, 2020
Cancer
One of the challenges of facing cancer researchers is coming up with a clearly defined classification system. Cancer is
...
Written By:
Jasper Cantrell
OCT 01, 2019
Genetics & Genomics
A breast cancer drug is better at treating advanced prostate cancer in some men than current therapies, a clinical trial
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
DEC 19, 2018
Immunology
Researchers find that breast cancer can evade immunotherapy
Written By:
Nicholas Breehl
JUL 25, 2017
Cancer
This year, an estimated 246,660 women in the US will be diagnosed with breast cancer. The disease currently ranks as one
...
MAR 29, 2017
Cell & Molecular Biology
One of the major aims of biomedical research is to improve patient therapy, and the idea of medicine that’s tailor
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
MAR 07, 2017
Cancer
Cancer is most deadly when it spreads from one the body where it formed, and moves to another part , metastasis. Breast
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
JAN 10, 2017
Cancer
For aggressive, intractable triple-negative breast cancers, there’s still hope. Researchers at the Mayo Clinic fou
...
JAN 07, 2017
Cancer
Peppers are in the spotlight again this week as scientists reveal the biological mechanism behind the anticancer effects
...
FEB 08, 2016
Clinical & Molecular DX
According to researchers from the National Institute of Health (NIH), a simple blood test may soon be able to detect fiv
...