Biology: the study of living organisms, divided into many specialized fields that cover their morphology, physiology, anatomy, behavior, origin, and distribution. This includes plants, animals, and other qualities of organisms or class of organisms.
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To establish productive infection, plant viruses need to be able to efficiently invade and spread within a plant. Most viruses are introduced into a plant via the epidermal or mesophyll cell...
Background: Haemophilus influenzae is the causative agent of multiple human disease conditions among multiple sites in the human body. Underlying genetic mechanisms are elusive, particularly...
While viral fusion proteins are highly desirable for subunit vaccine generation, their inherent metastable nature complicates implementation and development. We have harnessed the structural...
The recent outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 underscores the need for understanding the evolutionary processes that drive the emergence and adaptation of zoonotic viruses in humans. Here, we show that...
Most currently used conventional influenza vaccines are based on 1940s technology. Advances in immunogen design and vaccine delivery emerging over the last decade open novel opportunities fo...