Cell Culture: the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. Cell culture conditions can vary for each cell type, but artificial environments consist of a suitable vessel with substrate or medium that supplies the essential nutrients (amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals), growth factors, hormones, and gases (CO2, O2), and regulates the physio-chemical environment. 
            
            
            
         
     
    
        
                    
                                    
                
         
                
                    
                                        
                        
                    
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                                    APR 19, 2022 | 1:30 PM
                             
                C.E. CREDITS             
 
 
        Regardless of method, single cell RNA-seq only captures a small fraction of the transcriptome of each cell. Often, this is due to inherent limitations of the methodology as reads ‘drop...
     
 
 
                                    
                                                                    
                                    
                                        
    
                    
                                    APR 19, 2022 | 5:30 AM
                            
        
                    
                C.E. CREDITS            
            
            
                                    
            
                     
    
    
    
        Recurrently emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) present increasingly sophisticated immune escape strategies that fuel global infection rates, as exemplified by the raging B.1.1.529...
    
    
            
     
                                     
                                    
                                                                    
                                    
                                        
    
    
    
        Currently over 95 % of pharmaceutical products and transport fuels are derived from petroleum. Sustainable alternatives are critical to achieving net-zero emissions without detriment to qual...
    
    
            
     
                                     
                                    
                                                                    
                                    
                                        
    
    
    
        Biopharmaceuticals produced with mammalian cells are the key drivers for the medication of former untreatable diseases. The development of their production processes is still challenging bec...
    
    
            
     
                                     
                                    
                                                                    
                                    
                                        
    
    
    
        In the last decades, the upstream processing in biopharma industry has been revolutionized regarding the production of bioactive materials such as monoclonal antibodies, proteins and biother...