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Protein Binding
Protein Binding: Protein binding can enhance or detract from a drug's performance. As a general rule, agents that are minimally protein bound penetrate tissue better than those that are highly bound, but they are excreted much faster. Among drugs that are less than 80-85 percent protein bound, differences appear to be of slight clinical importance. Agents that are highly protein bound may, however, differ markedly from those that are minimally bound in terms of tissue penetration and half-life. Drugs may bind to a wide variety of plasma proteins, including albumin. If the percentage of protein-bound drug is greater when measured in human blood than in a simple albumin solution, the clinician should suspect that the agent may be bound in vivo to one of these "minority" plasma proteins. The concentration of several plasma proteins can be altered by many factors, including stress, surgery, liver or kidney dysfunction, and pregnancy. In such circumstances, free drug concentrations are a more accurate index of clinical effect than are total concentrations. Formulary committees must grasp the clinical significance of qualitative and quantitative differences in protein binding when evaluating competing agents.
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Some transcription factors are known as master regulators, and they can have an impact on many different biochemical pat ...Written By: Carmen LeitchJUL 04, 2023Cell & Molecular Biology
The human body has many important proteins, and insulin and mucin may be among the most crucial. Researchers have shown ...Written By: Carmen Leitch
NOV 22, 2023
Cell & Molecular Biology
In a textbook, the inside of a cell is a neatly organized place with clear organelles and structures. But cells are also
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
NOV 14, 2023
Genetics & Genomics
Genetic mutations that happen in a gene called apolipoprotein E (APOE) have long been known to have a significant impact
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
NOV 07, 2023
Immunology
Published by Beata Boczkowska, Ph.D. Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is an effective pro-inflammatory cytokine for the host defen
...
Sponsored By:
MBL International
OCT 26, 2023
Immunology
Scientists at the Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (CeMM) at the Universi
...
Written By:
Brian G. Morreale
OCT 25, 2023
Genetics & Genomics
Diets that contain high levels of the nutrient selenium may help stave off myeloid leukemia, suggests new research publi
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
OCT 17, 2023
Microbiology
Fungal infections can affect anyone, although people with weakened immune systems are at highest risk. The US Food and D
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
OCT 06, 2023
Microbiology
New details have been revealed about how coronaviruses enter cells. This work used cutting edge microscopy and computati
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
SEP 28, 2023
Genetics & Genomics
So-called junk DNA was given that unfortunate nickname because its function was unclear. These vast regions of the genom
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
SEP 19, 2023
Immunology
Inflammation is generally a good response that occurs in the body when infected with a foreign pathogen. The infected ar
...
Written By:
Brian G. Morreale
SEP 11, 2023
Neuroscience
Irisin, a muscle-derived hormone, reduces amyloid beta pathology, a key hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), in cel
...
Written By:
Annie Lennon
SEP 01, 2023
Genetics & Genomics
In recent years, scientists have shown that parents can pass down more than just their DNA sequences to their offspring;
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
AUG 30, 2023
Cancer
The National Health Service of England (NHS England), the publicly funded healthcare system serving English residents, h
...
Written By:
Katie Kokolus
AUG 17, 2023
Technology
A recent study published in Nature Machine Intelligence examines a novel deep-learning method known as BigMHC, which can
...
Written By:
Laurence Tognetti, MSc
AUG 17, 2023
Microbiology
It's been generally assumed that RNA molecules and proteins have only limited or transient interactions in cells, li
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
AUG 16, 2023
Genetics & Genomics
When our bodies are exposed to a pathogen, the immune system mounts a response. Antibodies that are directed against the
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
AUG 16, 2023
Immunology
Glioblastoma is a fast-growing and aggressive brain tumor. As one of the most common malignant brain tumors, life expect
...
Written By:
Brian G. Morreale
AUG 15, 2023
Drug Discovery & Development
Chemotherapy is one of the most widely used cancer therapies; however, chemotherapy often causes serious side effects. A
...
Sponsored By:
Sino Biological
AUG 07, 2023
Cell & Molecular Biology
Mitochondria are special little organelles. They even have their own little genomes and make their own proteins. It's th
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
JUL 30, 2023
Genetics & Genomics
It's estimated that as many as one-third of Americans suffer from chronic pain, and many medications that have been
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
JUL 25, 2023
Cancer
Steroidogenesis, the biological process by which the body generates steroid hormones, facilitates the production of andr
...
Written By:
Katie Kokolus
JUL 21, 2023
Cell & Molecular Biology
Human cells are brimming with thousands of proteins, which interact with each other in various ways to impact cell funct
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
JUL 17, 2023
Drug Discovery & Development
Introduction Antibodies are the ideal therapeutic biomolecules due to their ability to bind to a variety of targets with
...
JUL 05, 2023
Cell & Molecular Biology
Some transcription factors are known as master regulators, and they can have an impact on many different biochemical pat
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch
JUL 04, 2023
Cell & Molecular Biology
The human body has many important proteins, and insulin and mucin may be among the most crucial. Researchers have shown
...
Written By:
Carmen Leitch